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6 
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environment factor such as predation, disease and competition that depends on the number of members in a population per unit area 
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7 
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the process by which the structure of biological community evolves over time 
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8 
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orderly change that occurs in a place where soil remains after a communtiy or organisms has been removed 
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9 
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biotic or abiotic factor that restricts the number, distribution or reproduction of a population within a community 
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10 
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an animal that feeds on plants; a herbivore 
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11 
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is a geographical representation designed to show the biomass or bio productivity at each trophic level in a given ecosystem 
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12 
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a carnivore that feeds only upon herbivores 
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13 
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an animal that feeds on the dead organic maerial, especially plant detritus 
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14 
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a species that is an early occupant of newly created or distributed area 
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15 
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simplified model that shows a single path for energy flow through an ecosystem 
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16 
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stable mature, ecological community with little change in compositon of species 
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17 
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physical area in which organisms live 
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18 
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establishment of a comminity in an ara of bare rock or bare sand, where no topsoil is present 
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