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3
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Rounded the southern tip of Africa and opened the eastern African shores to Portuguese traders in 1488
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5
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Financed numerous expeditions along the West African coastline in the hope of finding gold
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7
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Pointed to the magnetic north, making it easier to determine direction
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8
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Continued Magellan's journey; returned to Spain three years later with a single ship and 18 survivors
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9
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Confirmed Portugal's right to the eastern route to the Indies as well as to any undiscovered lands in the east; entitled Portugal to Brazil granted rights to African slave trade
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10
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Set said in pursuit of Columbus' goal of reaching the Spice Islands; his ship was the first to circumnavigate the globe
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11
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Discovered the Pacific Ocean after crossing the Panama
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13
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Believed a western track would be shorter than paths the Portuguese were taking; reached the Bahamas, believing he had reached the Indies somewhere west of Indea
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15
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Conquered the Aztecs in Mesoamerica
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18
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Explored Brazil; 1st European to realize he had discovered a new continent in the New World; America named after him
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19
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Spanish adventurers who led conquests in the Americas
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