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6
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secret police, formed by Lenin, made arrests, tortured and executed thousands, took hostages in areas that favored the Whites, ran concentration camps, executed thousands, including the former tsar and his family
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7
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(1919) treaty ending World War I; required Germany to pay huge war reparations and established the League of Nations.
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8
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'tiger of France', the French prime minister who wanted to ensure that Germany would never again threaten France; at the Paris Peace Conference.
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10
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A prewar alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy, formalized in 1882. At the start of World War I, Italy dropped out of this alliance, initially maintaining a neutral position in regard to the war. aka Central Powers.
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11
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Russian revolutionary and Communist theorist who helped Lenin and built up the army; eventually exiled after Stalin's rise to power and assassinated in Mexico City in 1940.
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12
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Archduke of Austria Hungary who was assassinated at Sarajevo by a Serbian terrorist group called the Black Hand; his death was a main cause for World War I.
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13
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an international organization formed in 1920 to promote cooperation and peace among nations.
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14
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During WWI, autocratic Romanov tsar of Russia who had a German wife and was influenced by the notorious Rasputin, mistakenly decides to lead Russian army. Eventually, abdicates throne, then he and his entire family are slaughtered by the communists d
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16
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March 1917 German telegram saying that Mexico should attack the US. In return, Germany would give back Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona back to Mexico. April 1917, U.S. enters WWI.
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17
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A military draft.
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18
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He was a Russian revolutionary, a communist politician, the main leader of the October Revolution, the first head of the Russian Soviet Socialist Republic and from 1922, the first de facto leader of the Soviet Union. He was the creator of Leninism, a
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19
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Payment for damages after a war.
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20
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Germany's monarch from 6/1888 until its 1918 defeat in World War I. His imperialistic and nationalistic agenda in the late 1800's and early 1900's fueled pre-war diplomatic tensions, while his careless advice to Austria-Hungary during the July Crisis
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23
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Bolshevik revolutionary, head of the Soviet Communists after 1924, and dictator of the Soviet Union from 1928 to 1953. He led the Soviet Union with an iron fist, using Five-Year Plans to increase industrial production and terror to crush opposition.
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24
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A war in which distinctions between the soldiers on the battlefield and civilians at home are blurred, and where the government plans and controls economic social life in order to supply the armies at the front with supplies and weapons.
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25
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Deliberate extermination of a racial or cultural group.
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1
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A temporary peace agreement to end fighting.
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2
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A deadlock in which neither side is able to defeat the other.
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3
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Ideas, facts, or rumors spread deliberately to further one's cause or to damage an opposing cause.
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4
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the policy of pushing a dangerous situation to the brink of disaster (to the limits of safety); e.g., Austria-Hungary's ultimatum to Serbia.
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5
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a collection of merchant ships with an escort of warships.
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7
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1917 treaty in which Russia lost substantial territory to the Germans. This ended Russian participation in the war.
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9
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A demand or threat that is final.
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15
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German General plans to avoid two-front war by 1. Defeating France quickly and 2. Then, defeating a slower to mobilize Russia-- Plan fails because of the First Battle of the Marne (aka Taxicab battle), trench warfare, and Russia mobilizes quickly.
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21
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'holy man,' mystique who helped 'heal' heir to Russian throne (Alexei, hemophiliac sufferer) in exchange for political power and influence, spreads corruption -- eventually...murdered by nobles who feared his growing role in government.
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22
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an understanding or agreement between two or more political powers, providing for a common course of action or policy.
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